#!/bin/bash
#                       /usr/local/bin/cmd2pkg 
#  http://crystalfaeries.net/posix/bin/cmd2pkg 
# Celeste Crystalfaery 2016-11-13 21:17:40+00:00
# from the command name find the package which installed it
# inspired by: http://www.commandlinefu.com/commands/view/17271/find-name-of-package-which-installed-a-given-shell-command

let result=0																# default success
while [ $# -ne 0 ]
do	# iterate arguments
	WHICH="$(which ${1})"
	if [[ $? -ne 0 ]]
	then	# command not found in $PATH
		echo "${0}:	${1} is not an executable command found within your PATH $PATH" 1>&2
		let result=1														# command not found
	else	# command was found in $PATH
		PACKAGE=$(dpkg -S "$(readlink -e ${WHICH} 2> /dev/null)" 2> /dev/null | cut -d ':' -f 1 2> /dev/null) || PACKAGE=""
		if [ "${PACKAGE}" == "" ]
		then	# any of multiple error types finding command in a package
			echo "${0}:	${WHICH} was not found in any package." 1>&2
			let result=2													# package not found
		else	# found it! give all the details:
			echo "$(file ${WHICH}):	${PACKAGE}"
		fi
	fi
	shift	# next command
done
exit	${result}

############################################################################################
# Alternate solution
############################################################################################
<http://www.commandlinefu.com/commands/view/18250/find-the-package-that-installed-a-command>

$ whatinstalled () { local cmdpath=$(realpath -eP $(which -a $1 | grep 
-E "^/" | tail -n 1) 2>/dev/null) && [ -x "$cmdpath" ] && dpkg -S 
$cmdpath 2>/dev/null | grep -E ": $cmdpath\$" | cut -d ":" -f 1; }

Put this one-line function somewhere in your shell init, re-login and 
try whatinstalled <command>

This is an elaborate wrapper around "dpkg -S", with numerous safeguards. 
Symlinks and command aliases are resolved. If the searched command is 
not an existing executable file or was installed by some other means 
than dpkg/apt, nothing is printed to stdout, otherwise the package name.